Thesis
Immunomodulatory Activity Investigation of Indonesian Plant Extract Through Cytokine Gene Expression Using qRT-PCR Method
Pneumonia is an infectious lung disease that is commonly found in secondary bacterial co-infection in
severe COVID-19 infection, namely COVID Pneumonia, and it is accounted for higher morbidity and
mortality rate than COVID-19 infection alone. To find immunomodulators that able to act as gene
expression regulators is important to minimise the occurrence of cytokine storms. Three kinds of
Indonesian plant extract namely sappan wood, clove, and neem were used in this experiment to
investigate its immunomodulatory activity through the observation of relative gene expression from
IFNG and IL1B using qRT-PCR method. The plant extract was administered orally, and the mice is
induced by LPS via intranasal, 7 hour prior sacrifice. The result showed clove high dose exert the best
effect towards lowering the IL1B in the LPS-induced mice (P
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