Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is a natural byproduct that plays many important roles for the body such as cell signaling, cell survival, and cell death. However, the accumulation of ROS can cause damage to the cell that leads to cell death and eventually to aging. To overcome that, various studies look for antioxidant substances, such as phenolic, flavonoids, and alkaloids. As the study of n…
With the increasing concern about finding a different cure to overcome bacterial skin infections, this research aims to investigate the ability of the innate cell ability to decrease intracellular bacteria infection through autophagy. This study explores and decides several potential naturally-derived autophagy-inducing compounds to be applied to Escherichia coli-infected keratinocytes (HaCaT c…
Topic Dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by skin rashes and lesions. Downregulation or upregulation of various genes that contribute to the pathogenesis of AD makes it a complex disease. The main contributing genes are the skin barrier genes, FLG, IVL, and inflammatory genes, TSLP, TARC, IL-33, IL-25, MDC, and CTACK which are being investigated in this study. The curr…
Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that commonly inhabits the human skin and can cause skin infection, especially in individuals with impaired immune systems when skin is damaged. Treatments usually involve the usage of antibiotics. However, antibiotic effectiveness is in danger due to the fast development of resistant microorganisms worldwide. As a result, there is a growing …
In recent studies, blue light has been researched for its negative effect in regards to skin damage and early aging. Some active ingredients including zinc oxide and iron oxide have been studied for their protecting effect against blue light irradiation. But, more research has been dedicated to searching for other ingredients that may have a better performance in protecting the skin against…
Nowadays skin damage has been known to occur not only from ultraviolet exposure but also from the high energy visible (HEV) light called blue light which has a wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm. In fact, the effect of visible light exposure that can be emitted from any electronic device may cause hyperpigmentation, DNA damage, and oxidative stress that leads to skin aging. With its proven r…