Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is a natural byproduct that plays many important roles for the body such as cell signaling, cell survival, and cell death. However, the accumulation of ROS can cause damage to the cell that leads to cell death and eventually to aging. To overcome that, various studies look for antioxidant substances, such as phenolic, flavonoids, and alkaloids. As the study of n…
Skin is the largest human organ which functions as the first barrier, which gradually ages over time and under stressful circumstances from the presence of ROS and finally results in skin disorders. Where the increased expression of the MMP-1 and COX-2 genes is one of the indicators of aging. Thus, a source of anti-aging is required. Natural sources with anti-aging characteristics are currently…
Cancer is one of the world's most serious health challenges. It was anticipated that more than 19 million recent cancer cases and about 10 million deaths worldwide were recorded in the year of 2020. There are various treatments available, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, however, those treatments have severe side effects because they do not precisely aim at the cancerous cell as it is al…