Lung cancer, among all types of cancer, leads first in cancer incidence and accounts for the first largest source of cancer-related mortality worldwide in 2022. Such a high incidence and mortality rate is primarily due to the majority of patients being diagnosed with advanced stages of cancer. Chemotherapy remains a primary option for metastasized NSCLC, however, chemotherapy still possesse…
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a neoplasm caused by the formation of an immature osteoid matrix and is derived from primitive bone-forming mesenchymal cells. OS is known to be the 7 th most common primary bone cancer in childhood. OS is also known for its high proliferation ability and several mechanisms may be involved. Several pathways are linked to the progression and growth of cancers including the h…