PT. Phapros Tbk is a pharmaceutical company under the PT. Kimia Farma, which has a vision and several missions based on the fundamental pillars of trust, and holds firmly to the core value of AKHLAK. This company produces OTC medications, generic drugs, prescription drugs, and medical devices. Thus, in producing various pharmaceutical products, specifically the Quality Assurance (QA) department…
PT Phapros TBK is a pharmaceutical company founded in 1954, which is now owned and operated under PT Kimia Farma TBK. Research and development falls under the production department, which is one of the 3 main departments in PT Phapros. The Research and development team centers on drug development and analysis, among which Analytical development plays an integral part in the process. During this…
Packaging preserves the quality of the finished product for consumption, storage, and transportation, making it one of the most crucial steps in producing food goods. In cheese products, molds can contribute to odor, distinctive flavor, consistency, and appearance and increase shelf life. However, some species might cause product spoilage. Thus, high-quality packaging is required to prevent mol…
Consumer awareness of health concerns has prompted a growing trend in the food and beverage industry for the development of low-calorie products. Stevia, a natural, intense sweetener with zero-calorie properties, is a suitable alternative for producing healthier carbonated soft drinks (CSD). The study aimed to develop a stevia-sweetened honey-apple carbonated soft drink with two different formu…
The COVID−19 pandemic has been going on for three years, and research on preventive and curative measures is continuously being made. Belonging to the same coronavirus family, human common cold coronaviruses (CCCs) like 229E, NL63, HKU1, and OC43 have been around for decades. However, unlike SARS−CoV−2, they do not manifest serious signs and symptoms. Reports on T−cell cross−reactivit…
Japanese curry is a popular and highly nutritious meal containing meat, vegetables, and abundant spices. Heat processing reduces the stability of meat towards oxygen, increasing the risks of food oxidation, leading to the destruction of the sensory properties and nutritional value of ready-to-eat meals. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a natural antioxidant that has been approved for use as…
Southeast Asian Ovalocytosis (SAO) is a hereditary genetic disorder caused by a 27 bp deletion in the SLC4A1 gene, leading to a disrupted folding at the extracellular face of the SLC4A1 protein in the red blood cell (RBC) membrane. SAO is an autosomal dominant disorder where heterozygous individuals are asymptomatic and homozygous SAO are considered embryonic lethal. SAO can be observed microsc…
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) has persistently been a global health concern, infecting 39 million people around the world with 1.3 million cases increment in 2020, leading to severe immunodeficiency (UNAIDS, 2023). While mammalian genomes show evidence of repeated infection with retroviral pathogens, this co-evolution has resulted in the emergence of defense mechanisms that pre…
Aging is a universal phenomenon which affects all living organisms; a gradual degradation of form and function as the body succumbs to ever accumulating adverse changes. The skin is the largest and most superficial organ of the human body; as such it is exposed to external stressors which would increase the production of ROS, the primary actor of the aging process. As a response, the cell wi…
Diospyros digyna is a wonderful fruit because of the fruit’s delicacy but not only that also because of how the fruit is easy to grow in most environments it can encounter and pest free mostly due to the effect of secondary metabolites called phytochemicals compounds. The study aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties of Unripe and ripe Diospyros digyna fruits against S. aureus and P…
Skin anti-aging is a primary focus in derma cosmetics, targeting the reactive oxidative species (ROS) pathway for developing anti-aging therapies due to its role in the degradation of dermal extracellular matrix (EDM). Collagen type 1 is targeted to combat skin aging due to its role in preventing wrinkles formation and re-epithelization of human keratinocytes (HaCaT). Cell-free treatments have …
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most diagnosed cancer in men and the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. PC has greater racial or ethnic disparities than any other cancer type. African-Americans (AA) have a prevalence in relation to incidence rates and cancer aggressiveness compared to European-Americans (EA). Thus, understanding the genetic background of PC can provide new insight i…
Prostate cancer (PC) is a heterogeneous disease that has a slow progression compared to other types of cancers, where the severity of prostate cancer commonly increases along the age of each individual. PC is still considered as a global disease and its development is affected by racial differences. African-American (AA) men are proven to be more susceptible to PC compared to European-Ame…
Maintaining food safety is crucial for the health and well-being of individuals. By incorporating food-grade KCl and Chitosan, the antimicrobial properties of food can be significantly improved, leading to better overall health for consumers. That is why this project focuses on studying and investigating their effects on the growth of Salmonella spp. in chicken meat and includes a sensory a…
PT. Sekolah Seniman Pangan is a creave entrepreneurship school focusing on the food sector. It strives to support local heritage by developing products from local food ingredients while raising awareness about the stories behind them. The author is an intern of the Research & Development department but has experienced other internship acvies…
Skin aging is the accumulation of cellular waste that progressively leads to a loss of structural integrity and physiological function due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Although intrinsic aging is inevitable, it is highly influenced by extrinsic factors, including UV radiation, tobacco smoking and pollution. These repeated exposure causes the upper dermis fibroblasts to selectively los…
(TB) is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. According to WHO 2020 data, Indonesia is one of the countries with a high number of TB sufferers, highlighting the importance of accessible TB treatment. Additionally, starting in 2021, the Department of Health of the Republic of Indonesia announced that Indonesia aims to be TB-free by 2030. TB is traditionally treated using Isoniazid, Rif…
Nearly all countries worldwide have been affected by the enormity of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2, including Indonesia. This pandemic has a variation in symptoms and the number of deaths among Indonesian COVID-19 patients, which could be explained by the nonspecific immunity provided by the cross-reactive epitopes from LAVs (BCG, OPV, and MMR). However, there is still a lack of base eviden…
Diospyros digyna or also known as Black Sapote is considered as an exotic-climacteric fruit that is harvested when still unripe. However, black sapote consumption rate is still very low as it is deemed as an uncommon fruit.The ripening of black sapote can take up to 10 days, which is deemed as uneconomical in a fast-moving industry. To shorten the ripening period, ripening using calcium carbide…
Prostate cancer is commonly found among men above 65 years old, making it one of the most commonly found malignancies found worldwide. Prostate cancer lacks early signs or symptoms, making it hard to diagnose in the early stages. The late-stage diagnosis tendencies accompanied by the inherent resistance mutation capability of cancer make it a hard disease to cure. Recently advancements in the m…
BIOS Instant Notes in Neuroscience, Third Edition, is the perfect text for undergraduates looking for a concise introduction to the subject, or a study guide to use before examinations. Each topic begins with a summary of essential facts-an ideal revision checklist-followed by a description of the subject that focuses on core information, with clear, simple diagrams that are easy for students t…
Somuchofwhatweknowaboutthepathogenesisofhumandiseasehascomefromthe systematic and careful study of histological material. Indeed, every internal medicine discipline has its landmark papers describing the clinico-pathological correlations. However, increasingly, it is molecular and cellular biology that provides the necessary mechanistic insights. For many years, it was thought that the two skil…
This text discusses the high-resolution NMR of liquid samples and concentrates exclusively on spin-half nuclei (mainly 1 H and 13 C ). It is aimed at people who are familiar with the use of routine NMR for structure determination and who wish to deepen their understanding of just exactly how NMR experiments work. It demonstrates that in NMR it is possible, quite literally on the back of an enve…
Protein NMR Spectroscopy combines a comprehensive theoretical treatment of NMR spectroscopy with an extensive exposition of the experimental techniques applicable to proteins and other biological macromolecules in solution. Beginning with simple theoretical models and experimental techniques, Protein NMR Spectroscopy develops the complete repertoire of theoretical principles and experimental te…
This third edition of the popular classic retains the clear style and excellent didactical, highly practical approach. It explains this complex topic without mathematical equations, making it ideal for those students who do not have a strong mathematical background, but want to understand the fundamentals of NMR and work with the method in an efficient and accurate way. The contents have been c…
Master business modeling and analysis techniques with Microsoft Excel 2013, and transform data into bottom-line results. Written by award-winning educator Wayne Winston, this hands-on, scenario-focused guide shows you how to use the latest Excel tools to integrate data from multiple tables—and how to effectively build a relational data source inside an Excel workbook. Solve real business p…
Master the business modeling and analysis techniques that help you transform data into bottom-line results. For more than a decade, Wayne Winston has been teaching corporate clients and MBA students the most effective ways to use Excel to solve business problems and make better decisions. Now this award-winning educator shares the best of his expertise in this hands-on, scenario-focused guideâ€â€¦
Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy: Principles and Spectral Interpretation explains the background, core principles and tests the readers understanding of the important techniques of Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy. These techniques are used by chemists, environmental scientists, forensic scientists etc to identify unknown chemicals. In the case of an organic chemist these tools are part of an arm…
What makes being a global business leader today such a complex task? It’s more than mastering your knowledge of various geographies and cultures, though that is essential. But to succeed, you must also master the complex mind-set and competencies needed to lead in today’s fully globalized world. Not an easy assignment.
From complex structure elucidation to biomolecular interactions - this applicationoriented textbook covers both theory and practice of modern NMR applications. Part one sets the stage with a general description of NMR introducing important parameters such as the chemical shift and scalar or dipolar couplings. Part two describes the theory behind NMR, providing a profound understanding of the in…
"Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain surveys the organization and function of the human nervous system. We present material at the cutting edge of neuroscience in a way that is accessible to both science and nonscience students alike. The level of the material is comparable to an introductory college text in general biology. The book is divided into four parts: Part I, Foundations; Part II, Senso…
This classic textbook guides students through the challenges and excitement of the rapidly changing field of neuroscience. Accessible for both medical students and undergraduate neuroscience students, the 5th edition has been updated throughout to reflect the latest developments.