Malaria is a disease caused by infection of the Plasmodium parasite that spreads through Anopheles mosquitoes, which mainly plagues humans living in regions with poor healthcare and countries around the equator. Among the five species capable of causing malaria in humans, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are noted as the most threatening species, as their manifestations in humans …
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), accounting for more than 85% of lung cancer diagnoses, has remained the leading cause of cancer-related death. Chemotherapy has been used as the gold standard treatment to treat it, and one of the common drugs is cisplatin. However, cisplatin can lead to resistance, resulting from a complex interaction of molecular pathways that reduces the efficacy of ci…
Colorectal cancer is the third place cause of death tumor globally. And its frequent prevalence may be caused by the conventional treatments that has been applied. One of the conventional or commonly used treatments are chemotherapy, one of colorectal cancer common chemotherapy are oxaliplatin. This would create drug-resistant cancer. For this effort in counteracting the resistant caused by …
Myeloid leukemia is characterized by the excessive proliferation of myeloid cells within the bone marrow. It is categorized into acute (AML) and chronic (CML) myeloid leukemia, with distinct etiologies and therapeutic complexities. The genetic heterogeneity of AML contributes to varying treatment responses, leading to a high mortality rate. One gene that has been identified as an adverse pro…
Mycobacterium tuberculosis samples were sequenced by whole-genome sequencing and the data were analyzed using Galaxy. The bad sequence from the raw data was trimmed and then the SNPs were compiled using Snippy. The mutation in the samples according to the reference genome was compiled into a TB profile report and then further compiled into one single file. Almost all results of the galaxy f…
Enterobacter bugandensis belongs to the ESKAPE bacteria, a group notorious for being prominent causative agents of hospital-acquired infections. Despite being a recent discovery in 2016, E. bugandensis is an emerging pathogen that has been responsible for several bacteremia outbreaks. Notably, E. bugandensis possesses high levels of multidrug resistance and little is known about its pathogenesi…
Staphylococcus aureus is a bacteria that has gained significant attention due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Some of the factors that contributed to the development of antibiotic resistance are associated with the formation of biofilm. Abelmoschus manihot and Tinospora crispa are recognised to have antimicrobial activity and its expected to have biofilm inhibitory effect. In this…
Temozolomide (TMZ) stands as the primary chemotherapy choice for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), yet resistance frequently emerges in patients, leading to tumor recurrence and worsened prognoses. A recent study reported upregulation of glutamine and glutamate transport and metabolism in TMZresistant GBM in silico, particularly highlighting the upregulation of Gene X. Given the reported glutamine…
Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer accounts for 67-80% of all breast cancer subtypes. Endocrine therapies are initially given as part of first-line treatment, however 20% of the patients develop resistance. The overactivation of cyclin dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) is one of the underlying mechanisms. Hence the addition of CDK4/6 inhibitors such as palbociclib in combination with en…
Phosphorous acid is a safer and more environmentally friendly alternative to commercial pesticides as it contains a component called phosphite that exhibits fungicidal and bactericidal activities. Foliar spraying and soil drenching are two methods of exposure to phosphite that must be carefully conducted because an excessive amount of phosphite is toxic to plants, impairing their growth and dev…
Globally, colorectal cancer remains the third most common cancer to be diagnosed. Nonetheless, there are current therapies for colorectal cancer, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. Unfortunately, overuse of chemotherapy can lead to chemoresistance to specific chemotherapeutic agents. For instance, late-stage colorectal cancer is treated with oxaliplatin. On the other hand, o…
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogenous blood cancer disease that develops from the stem cell precursors which the myeloid lineage happened due to genetic lesion that leads to overproduction and failure to differentiate these myeloid blast cells. A mutation in the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene, is the most frequent genetic lesion in AML patients, this mutation is linked with a p…
This study focuses on the isolation and characterization of Rhizobium strains as nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The primary objective was to assess their nitrogen fixation activity, evaluate their indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production capability, investigate phosphate solubilization potential, examine enzymes solubilization, and determine their resistance to salinity and pH variations. The isola…
Antibiotic resistance is currently reaching alarmingly high levels throughout the world. The discovery of novel antibiotic resistance mechanisms threatens our ability to treat contagious diseases. Antibiotic resistance is a severe issue for doctors who treat infectious diseases because it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. The urgency also occurs in the primary clini…