This study aimed to develop a lipid-based paste form of Ready-to-Use Complementary Food (RUCF) using locally available ingredients, while investigating the physicochemical changes during 21 days of storage. Three formulations were proposed and assessed using B one touch viscometer for viscosity, CS410 handheld colorimeter for color, pawkit water activity analyzer for water activity, and e…
Dengue virus (DENV) is a major pathogen of concern globally. Infection with this mosquito-borne virus causes debilitating acute febrile disease that occur in over 128 countries putting more than 3.9 inhabitants to be at risk of the infection. If left untreated, the fatality rate for severe dengue can reach 20%. A vaccine that effectively prevents infection …
As one of the defense mechanisms of the body, inflammation has both beneficial and detrimental roles to the body. Inflammation Is a process involving the immune system to eliminate harmful substances that invade the body, thus beginning the healing process. Inflammation could also cause several detrimental effects, such as tissue injury and protein denaturation, which increases vascular permeab…
Skin inflammatory disease such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis still remains a major problem because of their chronic nature. Treatments for atopic dermatitis and psoriasis has been solely focused on symptom management. Recently, it has been reported that phytochemical compounds from Calophyllum inophyllum seed possesses anti-inflammatory activities. However, little is known about its anti-i…
Cacao (Theobrama cacao L.) is rich in antioxidants of polyphenols and flavonoids. Because of its antioxidant, cacao has many health benefical effects including antidiabetic. During chocolate production, fermentation becomes the most important part for cacao beans. This is because cacao will not produce great flavors without the fermentation. there are many cacao not in good quality because the …
The utilization of naturally occurring bioactive compounds has been increasing in recent years. These compounds possess various pharmacological activities to improve the health state or act as prophylactic agents. Kombucha is a fermented beverage that employs the symbiotic relationship of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) to produce secondary metabolites consisting of bioactive compounds, which offer …
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in 2018. Two of the most common cancers are breast cancer and colorectal cancer with the incidence of 11.6% and 10.2%, respectively. The current treatments of cancers are limited to surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy. However, these treatments could induce cell resistance and some of them, notably chemotherapy and radiotherapy…
This study focused on evaluating the functional properties and proximate composition of uncooked (UC) and precooked (PC) durian seed starch (DSS). There is, however, a lack of research on the functional properties of treated durian seeds. The study involved sorting and processing durian seeds into UC and PC flour, followed by starch extraction using the alkali-steeping method. Multiple roun…
Phytophthora infestans is a devastating disease that caused the unfortunate 1845 – 1852 Irish Famine, leading to 25% decline of the population of Irish people and still impacts the whole crop ecosystem in temperate potato growing regions. Therefore, scientists have been researching on preventions that are capable of preventing outbreaks and the spread of this pathogen. This project would like…
Nutrition basics -- Preconception nutrition -- Preconception nutrition: conditions and interventions -- Nutrition during pregnancy -- Nutrition during pregnancy: conditions and interventions -- Nutrition during lactation -- Nutrition during lactation: conditions and interventions -- Infant nutrition -- Infant nutrition: conditions and interventions -- Toddler and preschooler nutrition -- Toddle…
This report summarizes a total of 2 months of internship project at the Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Thailand. This internship project takes place in the science department more specifically in the organic chemistry laboratory. During this internship, the authors tried to synthesize and investigate the intermediates of kusunokinin to enhance its anticancer activity. Kusunokinin inter…
The current report describes the experience that the author gained during her 11 months of internship placement at Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences (i3L). The internship was organized by Ms. Elizabeth Sidhartha, B.Sc., M.Sc. (a Biomedicine faculty) and was conducted online. The goal of this internship is to produce a systematic review discussing the potential of Plasmodium fa…
Fungi, particularly medicinal mushrooms, have been extensively harvested for their natural compounds for alternative medicine because they provide benefits with little to no adverse effects. FIPs, or fungal immunomodulatory proteins, are one that have been extensively studied for their immunomodulatory activities to promote lymphocyte production and subsequently enhance cytokine production. FIP…
The alteration of mechanical and frictional forces composed of pulsatile and shear stress in the aorta is postulated to play a significant role in the abdominal aortic Aneurysm (AAA) pathogenesis. Accordingly, cumulative evidence was gathered to investigate the mechanicalcues, which were believed to have a role in triggering a cascade of signaling events during the shear-induced AAA development…
Mahidol University is one of the best Campuses in Thailand, which focused on science and medicine. Organic chemistry is part of the department that mainly focuses on the synthesis of natural compounds as well as finding new synthetic methods that are more effective. In this internship oppurtunity, the author got a chance to experience how to work as a chemist. Specifically, this internship proj…
Milk-based drink is defined as a drink made using fresh milk, reconstituted milk, or recombined milk, which can be added with other food ingredients and sterilized or pasteurized. At PT. Garudafood, 40-50% of process water were incorporated into chocolate milk-based drink products, thus the quality of process water must be tightly regulated. This research was conducted to identify the impact of…
Soy sauce is a liquid condiment that is made from fermented soybeans with mold, wheat flour, brine water, bacteria, and yeast. Soy sauce fermentation includes two stages of fermentation which begins with koji fermentation and ends with moromi fermentation. Koji fermentation is a solid- state fermentation through the use of mold and it may last for 48 to 72 hours. Meanwhile, moromi fermentation …
Soy sauce is a popular condiment in Asian countries made from fermented soybeans. The production process of traditional soy sauce usually takes place in a non-sterile environment, causing spontaneous fermentation by indigenous microorganisms. One of the commonly found and reported species in soybean-based fermented food was Bacillus subtilis. Although Bacillus is generally recognized as saf…
The COVID−19 pandemic has been going on for three years, and research on preventive and curative measures is continuously being made. Belonging to the same coronavirus family, human common cold coronaviruses (CCCs) like 229E, NL63, HKU1, and OC43 have been around for decades. However, unlike SARS−CoV−2, they do not manifest serious signs and symptoms. Reports on T−cell cross−reactivit…
The skin provides conspicuous signs of aging, and many people are willing to spend a grand amount of money to keep their youthful appearance. Nowadays, treatments to delay the signs of aging in the skin are available, but most people favor the use of topically applied serum, due to its high concentration of active ingredients and comfortable finish product. This project highlights the evalu…
Staphylococcus aureus is a bacteria that has gained significant attention due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Some of the factors that contributed to the development of antibiotic resistance are associated with the formation of biofilm. Abelmoschus manihot and Tinospora crispa are recognised to have antimicrobial activity and its expected to have biofilm inhibitory effect. In this…
Sugar is one of the basic needs of the Indonesian population which tends to increase along with the increase in population. Sugar from starch generally has a taste and sweetness almost the same as granulated / table sugar (sucrose), some are even sweeter. Glucose and fructose are some of the sugars that are made from starch (cassava, potato, sago, and cornstarch). Among the sugars from star…
People all around the world are shifting towards eating more plant-based food, the vegan consumers and communities are rapidly increasing. However, there is a challenge in the development of plant-based meat analogue to mimic the characteristics of animal based products, especially for the juiciness and textural properties. Hydrocolloids can be used to improve the quality attributes of plant-ba…
Japanese curry is a popular and highly nutritious meal containing meat, vegetables, and abundant spices. Heat processing reduces the stability of meat towards oxygen, increasing the risks of food oxidation, leading to the destruction of the sensory properties and nutritional value of ready-to-eat meals. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a natural antioxidant that has been approved for use as…
Japanese curry is a popular dish which contains a high amount of spices, which provides the dish with quite a considerable amount of antioxidant activity. Even if curry may contain a high amount of spices, curry itself also contains a moderate amount of fat and oil which is involved in its production. Due to the moderate amount of fat and oil in curry, the product will be susceptible to auto-ox…
Avocado seed is more useful than just being a byproduct of avocado processing since it contains a lot of phenolic compounds. However, the phenolic compounds are rather prone to be damaged by environmental stress and by applying encapsulation techniques, they can be protected from the environmental stress. Thus, this study focuses on researching the effect of the presence of core and the core be…
Avocado seed (AS), a by-product of avocado, contains a high level of polyphenols which contributes to total antioxidant capacities (TAC) of avocado. However, polyphenols need to be encapsulated due to their sensitivity towards environmental stress. This study only observed the effect of the presence of core, the emulsification, coacervation, and freeze-drying steps of complex coacervation, and …
Plant-based nugget (PBN) is a succulent and firm alternative to the chicken nugget with a meat-like texture. PBN often has low sensory acceptability compared to chicken nugget and the direct fat incorporation was reported to cause fat leakage during cooking and the effect was suboptimal. Therefore, the effects of structured fats (solid and liquid mixture) incorporation in the form of emulsion t…
This study observed the physicochemical and microbiological stability of plant based meatballs made from local ingredients which are vacuum packed and frozen. During frozen storage, deterioration happened gradually caused by microbial growth and physicochemical changes. Thus, the microbial content including bacteria (TPC), yeast and mold (TYMC), and physicochemical aspects including water a…
Overripe tempeh is tempeh that had been fermented for 2 – 5 longer than fresh tempe wherein mold fermentation ceases and taken over by bacterial fermentation. It is commonly used in traditional Javanese cuisine as a basic flavoring agent. Most of the studies of tempeh range from microbiology, chemical and nutritional changes, functionality and its sensorial aspect but information on overripen…
The growing awareness ofthe hazard of Bisphenol A has sparked a massive switch to its analog, Bisphenol S (BPS), which is deemed to be safer. However, the safety of this chemical is questionable as BPS shares considerable structural similarities with BPA and little scientific evidence backing up its safety. This thesis project was conducted to investigate the developmental effects, particul…
Following the banned and strict regulation on BPA use, bisphenol S or BPS has gained attention as an alternative to BPA. It was considered as a safer alternative to BPA due to the high thermal and light stability. However, rising evidence has shown that BPS exerts an endocrine-disrupting effect towards thyroid hormone system similar to BPA. Previous studies have suggested that the thyroiddisrup…
Tuberculosis for a long period of time has become part of the cause for the mortality rate that burdened numerous patients around the world. Not only physically but also socioeconomically burdened the patient due to the long period of the regimen that the patient has to put through. Nevertheless, recent vaccine candidates for tuberculosis now have been researched that are said to be better able…
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in woman and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the world among women. Research have shown the efiicacy of phytochecmicals as asupplementary treatment in breast cancer through the regulation of gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression. This study aims to identify differentially expressed miRNA-gene pairs in breast cancer across different stages in o…
Recently, Pediococcus acidilactici has gained interest in research studies due to its potential probiotic properties. However, it has low survivability during digestion and short shelf life. Spray drying is widely used as a food preservation method, ensuring a stable and extended shelf-life of probiotics. At the same time, the use of spray drying is associated with several stresses, including h…
Pediococcus acidilactici has gained a lot of interest lately due to its ability as a potential probiotic strain. However, concerns regarding its viability and stability during consumption and storage lead to a solution to utilize spray dry as an encapsulation method for Pediococcus acidilactici. Yet, the utilization of spray drying could affect the cell viability and its functional probiotic pr…
An expensive Vanilla planifolia Andrew. Var. Vania 2 is commonly propagated using a stem cutting technique which is associated with low propagation rate. A method of callus regeneration was assessed in this experiment to increase the yield of vanilla plants by utilizing different concentrations and combinations of BAP and NAA supplemented into the MS media. The objectives of this experi…
Cultivating Nannochloropsis sp. is utilized to feed coral, jellyfish, and small fishes which could also reduce the consumption cost inside Jakarta Aquarium and Safari. Different parameters can affect the growth of Nannochloropsis sp. including salinity and amount of nutrients. This project aims to find the best parameter in terms of salinity and amount of nutrients difference. The salinit…
Pediococcus acidilactici has gained research interest due to its potent probiotic characteristics. However, it has low survivability in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Thus, spray drying is commonly used to improve its survival. Although current studies obtained high spray drying encapsulation efficiency, further evaluation of its survival during GIT and viability during storage is no…
Nepenthes truncata is an endangered ornamental plant that has increasing demands due to its exotic look, commercial value and various medicinal properties. Previously, INAGRO has attempted to subculture and preserve the N. truncata but did little to no avail, although other nepenthes available in the institution were able to grow well in the same media. Some N. truncata explants even ha…
Black sapote (Diospyros digyna) is a tropical fruit rich in vitamins and minerals. Many have taken an interest in the fruit due to Its nutritional values. However, the fruit is perishable and has a short shelf life, making it difficult for storage and distribution. Due to the perishable nature of Black sapote, cultivators face significant fruit loss. To overcome the problem of fruit loss,…