Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that act as the first line of the innate immune system to protect and against invading pathogens from the human body. Generally, neutrophils are the most abundant cells that play an important role in response to infections through their ability to migrate into affected tissue upon pathogens invasion. The activation of neutrophils are able to engage …
Dengue virus (DENV) infection presents a significant global health threat, especially in Indonesia. This study focuses on identification and genetic characterization of circulating DENV isolates in Timika and Jambi through serotyping, genotyping, and mutation analysis to understand genetic diversity and transmission dynamics. Samples from 119 and 115 suspected dengue patients in Timika and J…
Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites and transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes, is a significant public health issue, particularly in South and Southeast Asia where Plasmodium vivax is prevalent. Understanding the genetic factors influencing mosquito susceptibility to P. vivax is crucial for developing targeted malaria control and eradication strategies. Building on previous findings that …
Though rare, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (ATRT) remain a clinically challenging pediatric tumor and lack defined treatments. “One-size-fits-all” multimodal regimens have largely been of modest clinical benefits thereby urging the development of precision medicine for ATRT. However, the single- mutation nature of pediatric tumors like ATRT has misrepresented the potential of non-mut…
Biofilm formation poses a significant health challenge, playing a role in the pathogenesis of biofilm-associated diseases, including dental caries, a chronic infectious disease with widespread prevalence that significantly impacts oral health. Lactobacillus acidophilus is one of the primary cariogenic microorganisms associated with the progression of dental caries. In order to address this …
This study investigates the anti-inflammatory properties of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) fruit extract on inflamed human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). The phytochemical profile of Andaliman reveals a high content of terpenoids from the Salkowski test, which inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine production. The study demonstrates a s…
Neutrophils play an important role in the innate immune mechanism. During pathogen encounter, these cells gather at the infection site and perform various functions. Neutrophil could effectively eliminate pathogens by performing their functions such as respiratory burst, degranulation, phagocytosis, and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Therefore, neutrophil activation eme…
Cancer remains a global health challenge in need of precise, cost-effective, and scalable research tools for comprehensive investigations. Spheroid-based methodologies emerge as reliable, easily adaptable, and highly scalable techniques, offering an improved representation of in-vivo conditions compared to conventional 2D cell cultures. This study utilizes the Huh-7 cell line to generate hep…
This research aims to develop an alcohol free craft beer utilizing Momordica charantia, otherwise known as bitter melon, as a hops substitute. This study substitutes hops with 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of bitter melon. The alcohol free beer was prepared by malting, mashing, brewing, fermentation, and incubation, followed by giving heat treatment to the beer separating them into non-heat t…
Plant-based or non-dairy milk substitutes are becoming favored in the growing field of functional beverages driven by factors such as health benefits, allergies, lactose intolerance, and the rise in vegan diets. However, there are challenges to producing oat milk, such as achieving the desirable texture and taste. This study is aimed to have 4 treatments utilizing 2 different kinds of amylas…
Bread is widely favoured food due to simple composition and convenient suitability for daily consumption. One of the main ingredients used to determine the bread quality is yeast. As the Indonesian bread industry has grown, bread is being processed by replacing instant yeast with natural yeast because of increasing consumer interest natural products. Natural yeast is obtained from fermented…
Mycoproteins, that are produced through filamentous fungi fermentation, have gained popularity because of their rich protein content and sustainability as an animal-based protein alternative. However, the cost of the commerciallized mycoprotein exceeds the cost of regular meat. Therefore, scientists are exploring various inexpensive substrates and GRAS fungal strains with high survivability …
Glioblastoma (GBM) is known as a highly aggressive and malignant form of brain cancer. Despite advances in understanding the genetic and molecular basis of glioblastoma, it has a poor prognosis with a median survival rate of 9 months. The complex interplay between malignant cells and the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in tumor progression and treatment respons…
Soy flour is a good source of vegetable proteins, with a low fat content. Sorghum has proven to be a super-rich component of nutrition and adds a superb flavor to gluten-free baking. The project aims to expand the age range by product development of soy sorghum biscuits that are edible at the age of 3 to 5 years by adding chocolate flavors. The study examines the effect of cocoa powder addi…
Utilizing natural antioxidants is a crucial method for controlling lipid oxidation in food, preventing deterioration and rancidity. Common natural antioxidants include green tea, rosemary, and tocopherol. Polyphenols in green tea and rosemary scavenge oxidation, inhibit free radical formation, and prevent lipid peroxidation. The phenolic compounds in tocopherol also contribute to antioxidan…
Edible flower petals are beneficial for humans due to their high antioxidants content. Yet, the consumption of them is still limited. Therefore, incorporating flowers to familiar food products like cereal bars can be the solution. Nevertheless, baking at high temperatures might degrade the antioxidant of the flowers. This study was conducted to determine the antioxidant properties and capac…
Stunting remains a significant malnutrition issue globally, with a prevalence of 14.4% in East Jakarta at the end of 2023. Despite this, studies focusing on stunting among children aged 6-59 months in Jakarta were still lacking. The high incidence of stunting is linked to several factors, including parental socio-demographic status, breastfeeding practices, dairy product intake, child healt…
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common ocular disorder with multiple underlying causes. Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC-Na) is frequently used in artificial tear formulations to alleviate DED symptoms. Different CMC-Na types from various brands can exhibit varying degrees of substitution (DS) and viscosity, leading to variations in filtration process performance and stability in formulations.…
Rinse-off hair and body care products are essential for maintaining the health and hygiene of hair and skin, formulated with surfactants to cleanse and improve appearance. Some of these products contain ingredients that provide humectants, emollients, conditioning agents, et cetera, which modify the fundamental functions of the products. However, the current formulations of these products o…
Keratoconus presents a significant challenge in ophthalmology, urging effective treatment strategies to mitigate its impact on patients’ lives. This study investigates the safety and efficacy of combined therapy, utilizing rose bengal (RB) and riboflavin (RBF) for keratoconus management. Through ex vivo and in vitro experiments, significant increases in corneal stiffness and cell viability…
Originating from the seeds of Sterculia lychnophora Hance, Pangdahai has traditionally been used as a tea for various ailments and is now part of modern dietary practices. Recent studies have revealed the pharmacological activities of Pangdahai extracts, yet the specific compounds responsible for these effects remain unidentified. This study aimed to bridge that gap using a multi-step approa…
Excessive exposure toward sun exposure manifests various dermatological issues, including sunburn and skin aging, and subsequently leads to advanced conditions such as skin cancers, with UV-B playing a key role by causing oxidative stress and mutations. Sunscreen is necessary to prevent the detrimental consequences of UV-B radiation. However, the inconvenience and concerns over chemical ing…
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is the most well-known cereal crop in the world as a source of food, since it contains carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins. Physical properties of wheat significantly influence grain quality.The physical properties of wheat significantly influence grain quality, assessed through tests such as the Physical Wheat Analysis Test, Allowable Storage Time of Wheat, Wheat…
The skin is a vital outer layer that serves as protection. Once the protective layer is disrupted, for example the formation of wounds due to outer layer damage, it may increase the likelihood of contraction skin infection, which is a global burden. When open wounds are in contact with microorganisms, it allows attachment and proliferation, resulting in the development of biofilms. Antibiot…
Dengue virus (DENV) infection presents a significant global health threat, especially in Indonesia. This study focuses on identification and genetic characterization of circulating DENV isolates in Timika and Jambi through serotyping, genotyping, and mutation analysis to understand genetic diversity and transmission dynamics. Samples from 119 and 115 suspected dengue patients in Timika and J…
Numerous health benefits of medicinal plants are attributed to the abundance of phytochemicals. Among these plants is Elaeocarpus grandiflorus, an endemic tree native to Southeast Asia. The locals utilize its leaves, fruit, endocarp, and bark to treat a variety of illnesses, such as acute intestinal inflammation, diarrhea, and urinary tract infections. This study aims to evaluate and quantif…
Antimicrobial resistance is a threat that can be combated by discovering new antimicrobials. Previous screening attempts by Badan Riset dan Inovasi Negara (BRIN)/ national research and innovation agency resulted in the discovery of a mold specimen with a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Morphological observation of the specimen shows similarity to some species of mold belonging to Asp…
Inflammation is a crucial part of the immune response, involving neutrophils, the predominant white blood cells, in combating pathogens. Their recruitment is regulated during inflammation, which can lead to conditions like autoimmune diseases and cancer. This study aims to explore meso- Dihydroguaiaretic acid (MDGA) derivatives, particularly MZ47, as potential therapeutic options for neut…
Phylogenetic distance estimation between taxa in a tree is critical for tree reconstruction. There exist several classical methods that are already established in the field of phylogenetics. However, these classical methods of distance estimation are not straightforward and their computation can be tedious. As neural networks show great success in pattern recognition tasks, it is reasonable tha…
Quality Control (QC) is important to ensure the identity, strength, purity, pharmacological safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of biopharmaceutical products. Biopharmaceuticals are complex drugs that are created from living cells or organisms, which frequently employ advanced biotechnological techniques. In the biopharmaceutical industry, tests are performed on the finished product to ensure t…
Shampoo is a type of hair care product that is used to clean the scalp and remove the dirt. Not only for humans, shampoo is also used for animals, especially dogs. However, different from human shampoo, dog shampoo tends to be milder due to the different pH and sensitivity of dog’s skin compared to human skin. It is important to formulate a shampoo that has good properties for dog characteris…
Phytoplasmas, which are bacteria that lack cell walls, are known to infect a variety of host plants and spread quickly within them including fruit plants and other types of flora causing significant agricultural losses. Phytoplasmas infect a wide variety of plants, causing irregular plant growth such as phyllody. Phyllody is a developmental transformation in plants that transforms flowers into …
PT. Phapros Tbk is a pharmaceutical company under the PT. Kimia Farma, which has a vision and several missions based on the fundamental pillars of trust, and holds firmly to the core value of AKHLAK. This company produces OTC medications, generic drugs, prescription drugs, and medical devices. Thus, in producing various pharmaceutical products, specifically the Quality Assurance (QA) department…
Photorhabdus insect-related toxins A and B (Pir A and Pir B) are two different types of insecticidal toxins that were firstly found in Photorhabdus luminescens. Its homolog, from Vibrio parahaemolyticus, is found to cause acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in the shrimp, since it contains plasmid pVA1. When binded together, Pir A and B can exert its effect, because they form a stru…
PT Phapros TBK is a pharmaceutical company founded in 1954, which is now owned and operated under PT Kimia Farma TBK. Research and development falls under the production department, which is one of the 3 main departments in PT Phapros. The Research and development team centers on drug development and analysis, among which Analytical development plays an integral part in the process. During this…
Dengue virus (DENV) poses a global health threat due to the high prevalence, with varying degrees of severity which can escalate to mortality. The disease burden is increased by the genetic diversity, resulting in serotypes and genotypes with different replication rate and clinical severity. This molecular diversity, especially prevalent in endemic regions like Indonesia, underlies the importan…
Neutrophils are the main cells that play a significant role in the innate immune system. Upon a pathogenic invasion, these cells are recruited to the site of infection and perform many different functions. Targeting the neutrophils for therapeutic interventions has been a great challenge due to the complexity of their signaling pathway and mechanisms. Therefore, the search for drug candidates t…