Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in cancer incidence and cancer-related mortalities worldwide. The transformation of normal colon and rectal cells to malignant adenocarcinomas due to unrepaired DNA damage which leads to oncogenic mutations. These mutations also increase the frequency of DNA damage, leading to endogenous replication stress (RS). This introduces an opportunity to induce sy…
There have been reports regarding the autoimmunity induced by SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients, such as: GBS, SLE, multiple sclerosis, demyelinating neuropathies, and orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, narcolepsy, even vaccine-induced. However, the exact mechanism is still unclear. One of possible reason is molecular mimicry, a condition in which the T-cell epitopes come from the virus antige…
COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has resulted in a pandemic with 6.8 million confirmed cases in Indonesia as of December 2023. The high number of cases has necessitated the need for robust and specific diagnostic tools. Despite its effectiveness, the qRT-PCR suggested by the World Health Organization has a number of drawbacks, such as expensive costs, the need for trained personnel …
Red fruit oil (RFO) extract serves as a natural red colorant but exhibits limitations related to solubility and susceptibility to environmental factors such as oxygen, heat, and light-induced degradation. Encapsulation through co-crystallization represents a promising approach to mitigate these challenges. In this context, erythritol is employed instead of sucrose during co-crystallization t…
This research aims to develop an alcohol free craft beer utilizing Momordica charantia, otherwise known as bitter melon, as a hops substitute. This study substitutes hops with 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of bitter melon. The alcohol free beer was prepared by malting, mashing, brewing, fermentation, and incubation, followed by giving heat treatment to the beer separating them into non-heat t…
Plant-based or non-dairy milk substitutes are becoming favored in the growing field of functional beverages driven by factors such as health benefits, allergies, lactose intolerance, and the rise in vegan diets. However, there are challenges to producing oat milk, such as achieving the desirable texture and taste. This study is aimed to have 4 treatments utilizing 2 different kinds of amylas…
Bread is widely favoured food due to simple composition and convenient suitability for daily consumption. One of the main ingredients used to determine the bread quality is yeast. As the Indonesian bread industry has grown, bread is being processed by replacing instant yeast with natural yeast because of increasing consumer interest natural products. Natural yeast is obtained from fermented…
Arak, a traditional Indonesian spirit typically produced from rice or sugarcane, is made by fermenting rice or fruit juice followed by distillation. This research explores using snake fruit (Salacca Zalacca var Pondoh) as an innovative raw material for Arak production, offering a novel flavor profile and creating a niche market. Snake fruit, containing fermentable sugars, presents a cost-eff…
Mycoproteins, that are produced through filamentous fungi fermentation, have gained popularity because of their rich protein content and sustainability as an animal-based protein alternative. However, the cost of the commerciallized mycoprotein exceeds the cost of regular meat. Therefore, scientists are exploring various inexpensive substrates and GRAS fungal strains with high survivability …
This study focuses on the characterization of bacterial communities in Takakura compost specifically applied to Saga plants. Takakura compost, known for its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and efficacy in producing high-quality compost, utilizes the natural processes of microorganisms to break down organic materials. The research involves the analysis of bacterial communities during the comp…
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising packing material as it is biodegradable, non-toxic, has good mechanical properties, and can form bonds with foreign particles. Meanwhile, P. acidilactici postbiotics (metabolites) have the potential to be a natural food preservative as they contain antimicrobial compounds that are heat- and pH-stable. This research aims to develop a novel antimicrobia…
Compost has an important ecological role in increasing soil fertility, plant growth and sustainable agriculture, especially in recycling organic waste. This research characterizes the role of Plant Growth Promoting Fungi (PGPF) derived from Takakura compost and analyzes the influence of microbial communities on saga plants (Abrus precatorius). Takakura Compost is an alternative because of i…
Psoriasis is a prevalent chronic autoimmune inflammatory skin disease affecting over 125 million individuals globally, posing a significant health challenge. Investigating synthetic compounds featuring the 1,2,3-triazole structure known for their anti-inflammatory effects, this research aimed to evaluate synthetic drug compound candidates for their anti-inflammatory properties. The assessmen…
Hydroponic cultivation has emerged as a cost-effective alternative to traditional soil-based agriculture and may be less susceptible to pests and diseases. They can be set up in controlled environments, making them suitable for year-round production in urban areas with limited land availability. EM4 is a type of fertilizer that can increase agricultural systems' decomposition, composting, a…
Abrus precatorius, colloquially known as the Saga plant, produces various secondary metabolites with valuable pharmaceutical properties such as glycyrrhizin and abrusoside. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a phytohormone known to regulate the expression of the MYC2 transcription factor, which in turn promotes the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants. Understanding the resolution to enh…
Abrus precatorius, known as Saga, is a legume plant belonging to the tropical Asia region that is known for its toxicity. Precedent research has shown that Abrus precatorius leaves and roots have a potential effect on treating various diseases such as cough, bronchitis, hepatitis, and cancer. However, Saga plants are being undervalued in Indonesia due to the lack of knowledge on the benefit…
Wound dressings play a crucial role in promoting efficient wound closure and healing by providing an environment conducive to tissue repair. Traditional wound dressings, such as cellulose-based gauze, often exhibit challenges in adhesion and exudate absorption, necessitating frequent replacements that may cause additional trauma. Biocellulose (BC), derived from bacteria, presents a natural c…
Aquaculture industries are evolving rapidly to meet the escalating global demand for seafood as the human population grows. Enhancing the nutritional quality of feed for aquatic animals, such as fish larvae, is critical for increasing seafood production sustainably. Live feed, particularly copepods (crustacean zooplankton), has emerged as a preferred alternative to conventional synthetic fee…
Pediococcus acidilactici is a gram-positive lactic acid bacteria (LAB) widely used as a probiotic due to its safety, benefits, and ability to survive in the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. One of the challenges for probiotic species is the presence of bile salt, which can degrade bacterial cell membrane due to its main function in lipid solubilization. Bile salt can als…
Pasta is one of the most popular staple foods for many consumers. Colored pasta has emerged as a creative approach to improve product appearance. Red Fruit Oil (RFO) (Pandanus conoideus Lam) can serve as natural colorants with potential health benefits. Encapsulation method using spray drying was applied to RFO to lower the susceptibility and mask unpleasant sensory profiles. This project a…
stability, primarily due to their colloidal dispersion structure, which tends to separate due to gravitational force. In this study, different types of hydrocolloids include xanthan gum, guar gum, gellan gum, and carrageenan were added to oat milk at 0.05% concentration to minimize separation tendency as well as improving its physicochemical and sensorial properties. The measurement of visc…
Pre-School Children are more vulnerable to malnutrition. Malnutrition can be addressed by supplying an attractive nutrient-dense snack. One of the most common snacks that is loved by all children and often modified is biscuits. When producing children healthy snacks, the sensory properties of the product must be considered as the key of children’s food preferences. Hence, this study aimed…
Utilizing natural antioxidants is a crucial method for controlling lipid oxidation in food, preventing deterioration and rancidity. Common natural antioxidants include green tea, rosemary, and tocopherol. Polyphenols in green tea and rosemary scavenge oxidation, inhibit free radical formation, and prevent lipid peroxidation. The phenolic compounds in tocopherol also contribute to antioxidan…
Seasonal changes significantly affect consumer behavior, psychological responses, and physiological health, presenting unique challenges and acceptance for each season. Despite this connection, limited research directly correlates seasonal variations with consumer acceptance for food and beverages, which are often influenced by cultural and sensory associations. This research gap presents a…
Childhood malnutrition, particularly wasting, remains a significant and persistent challenge in Malaysian children under 5 years old, with current prevalence reported at 11% in 2022. Child-related factors, such as birth weight, morbidity, vaccination completeness, feeding practices, and dietary diversity have been found to provide a direct and immediate influence on children’s overall nut…
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common ocular disorder with multiple underlying causes. Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC-Na) is frequently used in artificial tear formulations to alleviate DED symptoms. Different CMC-Na types from various brands can exhibit varying degrees of substitution (DS) and viscosity, leading to variations in filtration process performance and stability in formulations.…
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease where insulin production and/or action is defective, leading to a chronic high blood sugar level (hyperglycemia), in which the highest type is type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Some of the pharmacological treatments are metformin and sitagliptin where the combination treatment of them provides more effects compared to the monotherapy. An imported…
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease affecting cognition and memory. The exact cause of AD remains unclear, but two primary theories have been suggested to explain its cause: the cholinergic and amyloid hypothesis. The extracellular deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and intracellular accumulation of phosphorylated tau protein called neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) …
Cognition is an individual’s ability to learn, solve, and appropriately use stored information. Cognitive deficits can manifest in various ways and are commonly caused mainly by age, and other health conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases as well as side effects from certain drugs. Currently, natural supplements using herbal plants have been investigated as cognitive enhancers and b…
Rinse-off hair and body care products are essential for maintaining the health and hygiene of hair and skin, formulated with surfactants to cleanse and improve appearance. Some of these products contain ingredients that provide humectants, emollients, conditioning agents, et cetera, which modify the fundamental functions of the products. However, the current formulations of these products o…
Keratoconus presents a significant challenge in ophthalmology, urging effective treatment strategies to mitigate its impact on patients’ lives. This study investigates the safety and efficacy of combined therapy, utilizing rose bengal (RB) and riboflavin (RBF) for keratoconus management. Through ex vivo and in vitro experiments, significant increases in corneal stiffness and cell viability…
Originating from the seeds of Sterculia lychnophora Hance, Pangdahai has traditionally been used as a tea for various ailments and is now part of modern dietary practices. Recent studies have revealed the pharmacological activities of Pangdahai extracts, yet the specific compounds responsible for these effects remain unidentified. This study aimed to bridge that gap using a multi-step approa…
Background. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is a technology that possesses tremendous potential in advancing precision medicine in oncology. However, in Indonesia, the progress of its integration remains hampered. This research is conducted with the hope of providing exploratory research for the general NGS maturity in Indonesia, its current level of implementation, and future challenges f…
Mycobacterium tuberculosis samples were sequenced by whole-genome sequencing and the data were analyzed using Galaxy. The bad sequence from the raw data was trimmed and then the SNPs were compiled using Snippy. The mutation in the samples according to the reference genome was compiled into a TB profile report and then further compiled into one single file. Almost all results of the galaxy f…
The upstream division of KGM uses a manual cleaning process for machine parts, which is time- consuming and inefficient. To address this issue, an innovative approach called indirect ultrasonic cleaning is proposed. Indirect ultrasonic cleaning uses powerful sound waves at a high frequency to remove unwanted substances from surfaces immersed in a liquid. Ultrasonic cleaning involves the for…
In today’s digital era, digital marketing is the phenomenon that plays an effective role in achieving marketing goals. The spread of digital marketing includes several advantages for marketers, such as ease of targeting customers with high accuracy, cost-effectiveness, and global reach (Anis & Hassali, 2022). During the ongoing research, the intern came across a term called Pharma Digital …
"Flavivirus is a genus of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses that are mostly transmitted through mosquito or tick vectors and are known to be emerging and re-emerging viruses. Some of the significant species that have been reported to cause an outbreak globally include DENV, YFV, WNV, ZIKV and JEV. While some vaccines have been successful in preventing infections caused by certain f…
Malaria is an infectious illness caused by Plasmodium parasites and vectored by Anopheles mosquitoes. Recent developments in genetic engineering have opened the doors to paratransgenesis as a technique to combat malaria. This preliminary in silico project aims to investigate an unorthodox paratransgenic approach to eliminating Plasmodium cells in the mosquito. A recombinant Ti plasmid, inte…
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most severe type of brain tumor with poor prognosis and low survival rate, characterized by molecular heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironment which pose a significant challenge in improving treatment strategies. It is found that the abundance of tumor- associated macrophages (TAMs) in the GBM microenvironment contributes significantly to tumor progre…