Globally, colorectal cancer remains the third most common cancer to be diagnosed. Nonetheless, there are current therapies for colorectal cancer, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. Unfortunately, overuse of chemotherapy can lead to chemoresistance to specific chemotherapeutic agents. For instance, late-stage colorectal cancer is treated with oxaliplatin. On the other hand, o…
Wheat is one of the food sources in Indonesia that has one the highest consumption rates. With the rise in the consumption rate of wheat in Indonesia over the past year, the Indonesia’s government has to increase its import activity on wheat to maintain its supply. This can also cause most of Indonesian society to have high dependency towards the consumption of wheat. However, currently t…
This research aims to analyze the impact of EBV (Epstein-Barr virus) infection on cell cycle phases (G1, S, G2/M) during latent and lytic phases, exploring alterations in cell cycle regulatory proteins. The investigation extends to compare fixation methods' ethanol and paraformaldehyde. The focus lies in comprehending EBV's effect on host cell cycle progression, emphasizing viral reactivatio…
Glioblastoma is the most prevalent type of malignant brain tumor, with a fatality rate close to 100%. The failure of glioblastoma treatment is mainly attributed to the high proliferation and invasion rate of glioblastoma cells, in addition to the presence of glioblastoma stem cells, all of which are regulated by the Notch signaling pathway. Past studies have observed that the Notch signaling…
The overarching goal of this project is to comprehend the intricate dynamics of RNA viruses, specifically influenza A viruses, enteroviruses, and coronaviruses, which pose significant health threats. The focus lies in exploring hostvirus interactions, particularly the roles of host components in various stages of viral RNA replication, aiming to identify potential targets for antiviral interv…
"The human axilla hosts clusters of sweat glands that provide a favorable environment for a large bacterial population. The bacteria-driven process could convert the odorless secretions from the glands into volatile odorous compounds, leading to an unpleasant body odor that may disrupt people’s daily routines. To address this issue, the development of cosmetics like deodorant has the pote…
Jamu is an Indonesian traditional medicine drink made from rhizomes. However, it leaves pomace waste that possesses several environmental problems. Several efforts to reduce the waste accumulation could be performed, including using the pomace as a Pickering emulsion stabilizer. In order to obtain this function, the pomace needs to be dried first using an optimal temperature. Thus, this study a…
The small microRNA159 (miR159) strongly silences the expression of genes encoding GAMYB transcription factors. This gene is a regulatory gene that controls the transcription of multiple other genes. When miR159 is inhibited, the expression of GAMYB is activated, inhibiting plant growth, but also activating plant pathogen defens mechanisms, including the expression of CP1. The CP1 gene is used a…
Psoriasis is an autoimmune skin disorder that has impacted the global population from children to adults. Psoriasis is characterized by unusual proliferation of keratinocytes, leading to itchy, bleeding, scaly, and red lesions due to increased immune system activity. Existing topical treatments often result in side effects, emphasizing the necessity for advanced drug discovery in managing psori…
The discharge of untreated industrial wastewater into rivers in Malaysia presents significant environmental challenges, particularly concerning ammonium and phosphorus pollution in aquatic ecosystems, which entail ecological, economic, and health implications. Addressing these concerns, this research focuses on comprehensively characterizing diverse microorganisms within fermented fruit bio…
This study was completed by the author who had the opportunity to do an internship as an E-commerce marketing intern at Kalbe Nutritionals. Kalbe Nutritionals assure the products bring goodness to life for all of the customers, both in Indonesia and across the world, and are convinced that the company should constantly provide the most excellent nutrition solution to each individual. Nowadays, …
Triple negative breast cancer is a subtypes of breast cancer that are known to have a bad prognosis and spread faster. TNBC tends to have bad prognosis due to the absence of the ER, PR, and HER receptors on the surface of the cells. These absent of receptor cause a limitation for treating them, Additionally, several drugs were proposed as a treatment for TNBC but administration of a single drug…
Exposure to harmful stimuli could induce tissue damage. Failure to remove the harmful stimuli and to repair its resulting damages is associated with increased level of ER stress, which is also closely associated with development of age-related diseases including cancer and metabolic diseases. Additionally, chronic inflammation, characterized by the imbalance of M1/M2 macrophage ratio, is al…
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease characterized by flares of pruritic lesions, rashes and lichenification. Skin barrier and immune barrier dysfunction, grouped with genetic predisposition all contribute to the development of AD. Available medications with the purpose of mitigating symptoms and exacerbations provide surface-level therapeuti…
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is a natural byproduct that plays many important roles for the body such as cell signaling, cell survival, and cell death. However, the accumulation of ROS can cause damage to the cell that leads to cell death and eventually to aging. To overcome that, various studies look for antioxidant substances, such as phenolic, flavonoids, and alkaloids. As the study of n…
The continuing COVID-19 pandemic has brought to light how crucial it is to comprehend the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its proteins in order to develop efficient treatment and diagnostic approaches. However, there are difficulties with storage, processing, and analysis because of the enormous number of SARS-CoV-2 protein sequence data. In order to analyze SARS-CoV-2 data, this study examines the …
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are mostly gram-positive bacteria, are frequently utilized in the food fermentation processes. In the last decade, LAB has been used in the development of probiotics to promote health and well-being by boosting the immune system and balancing gut microbes. An effective probiotic must have the capacity to adhere to human epithelial cells, and produce antimic…
hellfish allergy is one of the highest prevalence allergies in the world, accounting for 7.7% of the population including Indonesia. Thus, the development of T cell epitope and B cell epitope based vaccines play an important role in future prospects for alternative treatment for allergy. The vaccine aims to induce the immune system so it will not react towards the allergen though the body al…
"Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis that could evade at least two different first-line anti tuberculosis drugs. MDR-TB poses a significant global health challenge, particularly in middle to lower income countries where affordable and rapid diagnostic tools are crucially needed. This situation has brought the idea of leveraging who…
Dysregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) leads to the accumulation of aggregationprone proteins which has been linked to neurodegeneration and cancer. The 26S proteasome is acentral component of the UPS. It assembles by the successive recruitment of the 33 different proteasome subunits which is assisted by proteasome assembly chaperones: five for the CP and five for the RP. RPAC…
Herbal medicines are often used as therapeutic agents and contains one or multiple active compounds such as alkaloids, phenolics, and flavonoids. Flavonoids are natural compounds which are essential for pharmacological activity of plants and are known for antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. As antiviral properties, Juglanin and quercetin are known to inhibit COVID-19 repli…
Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) aims to find genomic variants that correlates with the occurrence of certain traits within a population. Various tools and algorithms can be utilized to conduct GWAS, among them are PLINK, Hail, and VariantSpark. In this study, a GWAS analysis pipeline was developed using PLINK, Hail, and VariantSpark to assess their performance in conduction GWAS asso…
Ubiquitination is a post translational modification (PTM) process that plays a role in protein degradation by the addition of ubiquitin groups to target protein. In the ubiquitination process, E3 ubiquitin ligase is responsible to mediate the bridge between E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and substrate for ubiquitin conjugation. Pellino1 or PELI1, one of the ubiquitin ligases, was found to …