Indonesia is a major coffee producer with government initiatives targeting the increased demand for Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica). However, Indonesia is a tropical country, which is ideal for the growth of Ochratoxin A (OTA) producers like Aspergillus and Penicillium. OTA is a food safety risk due to its potential for nephrotoxicity and carcinogenicity at high exposure levels. There is sti…
Developing Texturized Vegetable Protein (TVP) from alternative sources is crucial in addressing the concerns associated with soy-based TVP. This study explores the potential of rice bran and mung bean as sustainable and nutritious alternatives to soy in TVP production. The samples were formulated to produce TVP with 55% protein based on the materials: soy (S-TVP) as control, soy and rice bra…
The prevalence of celiac disease has increased significantly over the past decades due to people’s growing knowledge and awareness of the disease, as well as recent advances in its diagnostic tests. This causes the rise of gluten-free foods, including gluten-free bakery goods. Out of all gluten-free flours, rice flour has been recognised as the most suitable flour for gluten-free bakery go…
Pasta is a popular option for many consumers in the world wide. Colored pasta is one creative method to draw consumers' visual. Red fruit oil (RFO) is one of the natural colorants available. RFO has low solubility and sensitive to external conditions. An innovative solution to the problem is using encapsulation to convert oil-based components into powder-based ones. This study aims to examin…
Natural colorant is currently preferred over synthetic colorant due to health reasons. Red fruit oil (RFO) extract becomes a potential orange-red natural source. However, limitation in solubility and susceptibility to external conditions is present. Encapsulation by co-crystallization can be utilized to solve the limitations. During the co-crystallization process, xylitol is utilized to repl…
Jelly drinks are semisolid, readytodrink beverages made from hydrocolloids They are popular but typically lack nutrition, therefore, this study developed healthier variants using real fruit extract, like pineapple juice Hydrocolloids are essential for producing a desirable texture in jelly drinks, and quality is preserved during pasteurization by employing both thermal and nonthermal techniq…
Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) is prized for its unique flavor, typically consumed as vanilla extract, which requires substantial extraction time using volatile ethanol. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), abundant and non-volatile, have shown solvating ability for bioactive compounds. This study examines the yield of phenolics from vanilla beans based on total phenolic content (TPC), usin…
DNA damage is a complex phenomenon arising from both endogenous and exogenous sources, posing threats to genomic stability and necessitating an effective DNA damage response (DDR). A dysfunctional DDR can cause genomic instability, which is defined by a higher frequency of DNA mutations. Genomic instability is a common feature of many cancers, and it can result in oncogenic mutations and tu…
Colorectal cancer is the third place cause of death tumor globally. And its frequent prevalence may be caused by the conventional treatments that has been applied. One of the conventional or commonly used treatments are chemotherapy, one of colorectal cancer common chemotherapy are oxaliplatin. This would create drug-resistant cancer. For this effort in counteracting the resistant caused by …
SARS-CoV-2, the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic, prompted rapid vaccine development. However, emerging variants challenge antibody-mediated protection. Targeting T-cell immunity is promising due to its crucial role in eliminating infected cells and the difficulty of viral evasion via HLA diversity. Despite this potential, there is a lack of HLA studies and SARS-CoV-2 epitope mapping in the I…
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in cancer incidence and cancer-related mortalities worldwide. The transformation of normal colon and rectal cells to malignant adenocarcinomas due to unrepaired DNA damage which leads to oncogenic mutations. These mutations also increase the frequency of DNA damage, leading to endogenous replication stress (RS). This introduces an opportunity to induce sy…
There have been reports regarding the autoimmunity induced by SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients, such as: GBS, SLE, multiple sclerosis, demyelinating neuropathies, and orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, narcolepsy, even vaccine-induced. However, the exact mechanism is still unclear. One of possible reason is molecular mimicry, a condition in which the T-cell epitopes come from the virus antige…
COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has resulted in a pandemic with 6.8 million confirmed cases in Indonesia as of December 2023. The high number of cases has necessitated the need for robust and specific diagnostic tools. Despite its effectiveness, the qRT-PCR suggested by the World Health Organization has a number of drawbacks, such as expensive costs, the need for trained personnel …
Red fruit oil (RFO) extract serves as a natural red colorant but exhibits limitations related to solubility and susceptibility to environmental factors such as oxygen, heat, and light-induced degradation. Encapsulation through co-crystallization represents a promising approach to mitigate these challenges. In this context, erythritol is employed instead of sucrose during co-crystallization t…
This research aims to develop an alcohol free craft beer utilizing Momordica charantia, otherwise known as bitter melon, as a hops substitute. This study substitutes hops with 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of bitter melon. The alcohol free beer was prepared by malting, mashing, brewing, fermentation, and incubation, followed by giving heat treatment to the beer separating them into non-heat t…
Plant-based or non-dairy milk substitutes are becoming favored in the growing field of functional beverages driven by factors such as health benefits, allergies, lactose intolerance, and the rise in vegan diets. However, there are challenges to producing oat milk, such as achieving the desirable texture and taste. This study is aimed to have 4 treatments utilizing 2 different kinds of amylas…
Bread is widely favoured food due to simple composition and convenient suitability for daily consumption. One of the main ingredients used to determine the bread quality is yeast. As the Indonesian bread industry has grown, bread is being processed by replacing instant yeast with natural yeast because of increasing consumer interest natural products. Natural yeast is obtained from fermented…
Arak, a traditional Indonesian spirit typically produced from rice or sugarcane, is made by fermenting rice or fruit juice followed by distillation. This research explores using snake fruit (Salacca Zalacca var Pondoh) as an innovative raw material for Arak production, offering a novel flavor profile and creating a niche market. Snake fruit, containing fermentable sugars, presents a cost-eff…
Mycoproteins, that are produced through filamentous fungi fermentation, have gained popularity because of their rich protein content and sustainability as an animal-based protein alternative. However, the cost of the commerciallized mycoprotein exceeds the cost of regular meat. Therefore, scientists are exploring various inexpensive substrates and GRAS fungal strains with high survivability …
This study focuses on the characterization of bacterial communities in Takakura compost specifically applied to Saga plants. Takakura compost, known for its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and efficacy in producing high-quality compost, utilizes the natural processes of microorganisms to break down organic materials. The research involves the analysis of bacterial communities during the comp…
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising packing material as it is biodegradable, non-toxic, has good mechanical properties, and can form bonds with foreign particles. Meanwhile, P. acidilactici postbiotics (metabolites) have the potential to be a natural food preservative as they contain antimicrobial compounds that are heat- and pH-stable. This research aims to develop a novel antimicrobia…
Compost has an important ecological role in increasing soil fertility, plant growth and sustainable agriculture, especially in recycling organic waste. This research characterizes the role of Plant Growth Promoting Fungi (PGPF) derived from Takakura compost and analyzes the influence of microbial communities on saga plants (Abrus precatorius). Takakura Compost is an alternative because of i…
Psoriasis is a prevalent chronic autoimmune inflammatory skin disease affecting over 125 million individuals globally, posing a significant health challenge. Investigating synthetic compounds featuring the 1,2,3-triazole structure known for their anti-inflammatory effects, this research aimed to evaluate synthetic drug compound candidates for their anti-inflammatory properties. The assessmen…
Hydroponic cultivation has emerged as a cost-effective alternative to traditional soil-based agriculture and may be less susceptible to pests and diseases. They can be set up in controlled environments, making them suitable for year-round production in urban areas with limited land availability. EM4 is a type of fertilizer that can increase agricultural systems' decomposition, composting, a…
Abrus precatorius, colloquially known as the Saga plant, produces various secondary metabolites with valuable pharmaceutical properties such as glycyrrhizin and abrusoside. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a phytohormone known to regulate the expression of the MYC2 transcription factor, which in turn promotes the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants. Understanding the resolution to enh…
Abrus precatorius, known as Saga, is a legume plant belonging to the tropical Asia region that is known for its toxicity. Precedent research has shown that Abrus precatorius leaves and roots have a potential effect on treating various diseases such as cough, bronchitis, hepatitis, and cancer. However, Saga plants are being undervalued in Indonesia due to the lack of knowledge on the benefit…
Wound dressings play a crucial role in promoting efficient wound closure and healing by providing an environment conducive to tissue repair. Traditional wound dressings, such as cellulose-based gauze, often exhibit challenges in adhesion and exudate absorption, necessitating frequent replacements that may cause additional trauma. Biocellulose (BC), derived from bacteria, presents a natural c…
Aquaculture industries are evolving rapidly to meet the escalating global demand for seafood as the human population grows. Enhancing the nutritional quality of feed for aquatic animals, such as fish larvae, is critical for increasing seafood production sustainably. Live feed, particularly copepods (crustacean zooplankton), has emerged as a preferred alternative to conventional synthetic fee…
Pediococcus acidilactici is a gram-positive lactic acid bacteria (LAB) widely used as a probiotic due to its safety, benefits, and ability to survive in the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. One of the challenges for probiotic species is the presence of bile salt, which can degrade bacterial cell membrane due to its main function in lipid solubilization. Bile salt can als…
Pasta is one of the most popular staple foods for many consumers. Colored pasta has emerged as a creative approach to improve product appearance. Red Fruit Oil (RFO) (Pandanus conoideus Lam) can serve as natural colorants with potential health benefits. Encapsulation method using spray drying was applied to RFO to lower the susceptibility and mask unpleasant sensory profiles. This project a…
stability, primarily due to their colloidal dispersion structure, which tends to separate due to gravitational force. In this study, different types of hydrocolloids include xanthan gum, guar gum, gellan gum, and carrageenan were added to oat milk at 0.05% concentration to minimize separation tendency as well as improving its physicochemical and sensorial properties. The measurement of visc…
Pre-School Children are more vulnerable to malnutrition. Malnutrition can be addressed by supplying an attractive nutrient-dense snack. One of the most common snacks that is loved by all children and often modified is biscuits. When producing children healthy snacks, the sensory properties of the product must be considered as the key of children’s food preferences. Hence, this study aimed…
Utilizing natural antioxidants is a crucial method for controlling lipid oxidation in food, preventing deterioration and rancidity. Common natural antioxidants include green tea, rosemary, and tocopherol. Polyphenols in green tea and rosemary scavenge oxidation, inhibit free radical formation, and prevent lipid peroxidation. The phenolic compounds in tocopherol also contribute to antioxidan…
Seasonal changes significantly affect consumer behavior, psychological responses, and physiological health, presenting unique challenges and acceptance for each season. Despite this connection, limited research directly correlates seasonal variations with consumer acceptance for food and beverages, which are often influenced by cultural and sensory associations. This research gap presents a…
Childhood malnutrition, particularly wasting, remains a significant and persistent challenge in Malaysian children under 5 years old, with current prevalence reported at 11% in 2022. Child-related factors, such as birth weight, morbidity, vaccination completeness, feeding practices, and dietary diversity have been found to provide a direct and immediate influence on children’s overall nut…
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common ocular disorder with multiple underlying causes. Carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC-Na) is frequently used in artificial tear formulations to alleviate DED symptoms. Different CMC-Na types from various brands can exhibit varying degrees of substitution (DS) and viscosity, leading to variations in filtration process performance and stability in formulations.…
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease where insulin production and/or action is defective, leading to a chronic high blood sugar level (hyperglycemia), in which the highest type is type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Some of the pharmacological treatments are metformin and sitagliptin where the combination treatment of them provides more effects compared to the monotherapy. An imported…
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease affecting cognition and memory. The exact cause of AD remains unclear, but two primary theories have been suggested to explain its cause: the cholinergic and amyloid hypothesis. The extracellular deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and intracellular accumulation of phosphorylated tau protein called neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) …
Cognition is an individual’s ability to learn, solve, and appropriately use stored information. Cognitive deficits can manifest in various ways and are commonly caused mainly by age, and other health conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases as well as side effects from certain drugs. Currently, natural supplements using herbal plants have been investigated as cognitive enhancers and b…
Rinse-off hair and body care products are essential for maintaining the health and hygiene of hair and skin, formulated with surfactants to cleanse and improve appearance. Some of these products contain ingredients that provide humectants, emollients, conditioning agents, et cetera, which modify the fundamental functions of the products. However, the current formulations of these products o…
Keratoconus presents a significant challenge in ophthalmology, urging effective treatment strategies to mitigate its impact on patients’ lives. This study investigates the safety and efficacy of combined therapy, utilizing rose bengal (RB) and riboflavin (RBF) for keratoconus management. Through ex vivo and in vitro experiments, significant increases in corneal stiffness and cell viability…
Originating from the seeds of Sterculia lychnophora Hance, Pangdahai has traditionally been used as a tea for various ailments and is now part of modern dietary practices. Recent studies have revealed the pharmacological activities of Pangdahai extracts, yet the specific compounds responsible for these effects remain unidentified. This study aimed to bridge that gap using a multi-step approa…
Background. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is a technology that possesses tremendous potential in advancing precision medicine in oncology. However, in Indonesia, the progress of its integration remains hampered. This research is conducted with the hope of providing exploratory research for the general NGS maturity in Indonesia, its current level of implementation, and future challenges f…
Mycobacterium tuberculosis samples were sequenced by whole-genome sequencing and the data were analyzed using Galaxy. The bad sequence from the raw data was trimmed and then the SNPs were compiled using Snippy. The mutation in the samples according to the reference genome was compiled into a TB profile report and then further compiled into one single file. Almost all results of the galaxy f…
The upstream division of KGM uses a manual cleaning process for machine parts, which is time- consuming and inefficient. To address this issue, an innovative approach called indirect ultrasonic cleaning is proposed. Indirect ultrasonic cleaning uses powerful sound waves at a high frequency to remove unwanted substances from surfaces immersed in a liquid. Ultrasonic cleaning involves the for…